Unintelligent Universe

In this short talk Alan Watts contrasts two western myths about the nature of the universe, the old image of a divine watcher, God as an eye endlessly observing and judging, and the newer myth of a purely mechanical, blind, stupid universe that arose at the end of the eighteenth century and hardened into common sense through the nineteenth and twentieth. He traces the second myth to thinkers such as Ernst Haeckel, Darwin, and T. H. Huxley, who pictured the root energy of existence as utterly unintelligent, making human reason and feeling an accidental freak of evolution alien to its own universe. Watts calls both pictures absurd, arguing that an intelligent organism cannot arise from a genuinely unintelligent environment, just as figs do not grow on thistles nor grapes on thorns. He offers the analogy of an apple tree that apples, since the earth peoples in exactly the same way a tree fruits, human intelligence is not a fluke stuck onto dead matter but an expression of what the universe already is. He illustrates this with an image of visitors from another galaxy who first dismiss the solar system as a bunch of rocks, then return millions of years later to find it peopling and alive. The talk closes on the claim that rocks are not dead, since the same potentiality by which an acorn becomes an oak means intelligence was always latent within matter, not disconnected from it.
transcriptmachine-transcribed, unedited
I have a friend, a very enlightened woman, she's a Catholic convert, but a very enlightened
Catholic. And in her bathroom, she has on the pipe that connects the tank with the toilet
seat, a little framed picture of an eye. And underneath in Gothic letters is written, "Thou
God seest me." Everywhere is this eye watching, watching, watching, watching, watching, and
judging you. So that you always feel you're never really by yourself. But the old gentleman
is observing you and writing notes in his black book. And this became too much for the
West. It became oppressive. They had to get rid of it. And so instead, we got another
myth. The myth of the purely mechanical universe. This was invented at the end of the 18th century.
Became increasingly fashionable throughout the course of the 19th century, and well into
the 20th century, so that it is today's common sense. Very few people today really believe
in God, in the old sense. They say they do, but they really hope there is a God. They
don't really have faith in God. They fervently wish that there was one, and feel that they
ought to believe that there is. But the idea of the universe being ruled by that marvelous
old gentleman is no longer plausible. It isn't that anybody's disproved it, but it just somehow
doesn't go with the vast infinitude of galaxies, and the immense light-year distances between
them and so on. So instead, it has become fashionable, and it is nothing more than a
fashion, to believe that the universe is dumb. Stupid. That intelligence, values, love, and
fine feelings reside only within the bag of the human epidermis. And that outside that,
the thing is simply a kind of a chaotic, stupid interaction of blind forces. Blind, ruthless,
uncomprehending lust. That's the foundation of the human unconscious. And similarly, to
thinkers like of the 19th century, like Ernst Haeckel, even Darwin, T. H. Huxley, and so
on, there was this notion that at the root of being is an energy. And this energy is
blind. This energy is just energy, and it's utterly and totally stupid. And our intelligence
is an unfortunate accident. By some weird freak of evolution, we came to be these feeling
and rational beings, more or less rational. And this isn't ghastly mistake, because here
we are in a universe that has nothing in common with us, doesn't share our feelings, has no
real interest in us. We're just a sort of cosmic fluke. And therefore, the only hope
for mankind is to beat this irrational universe into submission, and conquer it, and master
it. Now, all this is perfectly idiotic. If you would think that the idea of the universe
as being the creation of a benevolent old gentleman, although he's not so benevolent,
he takes a sort of "this hurts me more than it's going to hurt you" sort of attitude to
things. You can have that on the one hand, and if that becomes uncomfortable, you can
exchange it for its opposite, the idea that the ultimate reality doesn't have any intelligence
at all. At least, that gets rid of the old bogey in the sky, in exchange for a picture
of the world that is completely stupid. Now, these ideas don't make any sense, especially
the last one. Because you cannot get an intelligent organism, such as a human being, out of an
unintelligent universe. The saying in the New Testament that "figs do not grow on thistles,
nor grapes on thorns" applies equally to the world. You do not find an intelligent
organism living in an unintelligent environment. Look, here is a tree in the garden, and every
summer it produces apples. And we call it an apple tree, because the tree apples. That's
what it does. All right, now here is a solar system inside a galaxy, and one of the peculiarities
of this solar system is that at least on the planet Earth, the thing peoples, in just the
same way that an apple tree apples. Now maybe, two million years ago, somebody came from
another galaxy in a flying saucer, and had a look at this solar system, and they looked
it over and shrugged their shoulders and said, "Just a bunch of rocks." And they went away.
Later on, maybe two million years later, they came around and they looked at it again, and
they said, "Excuse me, we thought it was a bunch of rocks, but it's peopling. And it's
alive, after all, it has done something intelligent." Because, you see, we grow out of this world
in exactly the same way that the apples grow on the apple tree. If evolution means anything,
it means that. But you see, we curiously twist it. We say, "Well, first of all, in the beginning,
there was nothing but gas and rock. And then intelligence happened to arise in it, you
know, like a sort of fungus or slime on the top of the whole thing. But we're thinking
in a way, you see, that disconnects the intelligence from the rocks. Where there are rocks, watch
out. Watch out, because the rocks are going eventually to come alive, and they're going
to have people crawling over them. It's only a matter of time. Just in the same way as
the seed, the acorn, is eventually going to turn into the oak, because it has the potentiality
of that within it. Rocks are not dead.

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